![]() The maximum deviation between the experimental data and the correlation is about 5 %. Theoretical, numerical, and experimental data for free convection heat transfer from vertical slender circular cylinders were surveyed by Popiel, who developed the following 3 % criterion for transversal curvature effect for the average heat transfer from isothermal vertical cylinders valid in the range of Prandtl number from Pr = 0.01 to 100: Experimental data for laminar-turbulent transition suggested that the critical Grashof number for a vertical flat plate is Gr cr ≈ 10 9, while for a vertical cylinder is Gr cr ≈ 4 × 10 9. Numerical calculations for a turbulent boundary layer flow on a vertical cylinder using a modified integral method were presented. The classical analysis of the laminar free convection heat transfer from vertical cylinders was shown. They concluded that the heat transfer nearby the cylinder and the natural convection hydrodynamics was not affected by the water surface if the distance was four times the cylinder diameter or more.įree convection heat transfer from vertical slender cylinders has been reviewed by Popiel. investigated experimentally the effect of vertical confinement on a single heated horizontal cylinder for a range of Rayleigh number between 3 × 10 4 and 3 × 10 6 in water. Cylinders of different cross sections in free convectionĪtmane et al.
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